广东省中考英语专题训练-阅读理解（含答案）

2020⼴东省中考英语专题训练阅读理解⼀

Would you like to live in a city where buildings turn the lights off for you, and self-driving cars will find the nearest parkingspace themselves? Although it might sound a little far from you, living in a “smart” city like this could happen sooner than youthink.

Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in for centuries, while completely new cities are being built. Onesuch place is the city of Songdo. Every home there will have a “telepresence” system (远程遥控系统)—allowing users tocontrol the heating and looks, take part in video meetings, and receive education, health care and government services.Around the city, escalators (⾃动扶梯) will only move when someone is on them, and offices and schools will all beconnected to the system.

The great mind behind Songdo is from the company Cisco. In fact, technology companies around the world such as IBM,Siemens and Microsoft are already in the business.

About 75% of the world's population will live in cities by 2050, so cities will need to be more modern to deal with the comingproblems. “Making cities smarter is one way out, and I think this will in turn make cities greener,” said Dan Hill, head of aresearch company.

()1. According to the text, living in a“smart”city ____.A. is not a green wayB. will be far from youC. will soon become trueD. is completely impossible

()2. Paragraph 2 is mainly about ____.A. a city of the futureB. a meeting in SongdoC. a plan to build a houseD. a report on public health

()3. Which company offers the great mind to build Songdo?A. Cisco.B. IBM.C. Siemens.D. Microsoft.

()4. Dan Hill thinks that making cities smarter is one way to ____.A. drive people out of citiesB. control the world's populationC. develop his own companyD. solve the cities' coming problems

()5. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?

A. Future EducationB. Smart Cities

C. Government ServicesD. Famous Companies⼆

A new kind of burger is now popular in the United States. It looks and tastes thesame as any other burger. But

company behind the burger, Impossible Foods, uses peas and potatoes to make the“beef”. They take coloring,

()1. People can use stem cells to grow the following meat EXCEPT ____.A. chickenB. beefC. porkD. mutton

()2. The “beef” burger is now popular in ____.A. ChinaB. JapanC. AmericaD. Britain

()3. Which is NOT the advantage of algae?A. The price is low.B. It grows quickly.C. It is very healthy.D. It tastes very good.

()4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. There are four steps to make lab-grown burgers.B. “Beef” burger looks different from any other burger.

C. People use more water and land to make meat out of plants.D. Algae has much less protein and oil than many other plants.()5. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. To advise people to eat more “beef” burgers.B. To introduce some kinds of future foods.C. To tell people how to make lab-grown meat.D. To show why people should eat less meat.

三

People from north China are different from people in south China in many ways. For example, most people in the north tend(倾向) to prefer to eat meat, while southerners prefer vegetables. But where do these differences come from?

A study of over 140,000 Chinese people has shown that genetics (遗传学) might hold the answer. Scientists from BGI-Shenzhen, a gene study center in China, found that six genes can cause genetic differences between people from differentparts of China. This is a result of natural choice, which leads to different eating habits.According to the study, more people from north China carry the FADS2 gene than those from

south China. This gene helps to metabolize (代谢) fat in the human body. Therefore, people from north China are better ableto digest (消化) meat and fat. This helps them live more easily in northern areas where there is more meat and fewervegetables.

Moreover, the study also showed that people from the south are more immune (有免疫⼒的) to certain illnesses than peoplefrom the north. For example, malaria (疟疾) was once widespread in some parts of south China. So people’s genes changedso that they could better resist the illness. However, there are also downsides. People from the south are more likely to havea certain kind of blood illness. The gene G6PD, which causes this illness, is more common in people from the south thanthose from the north. It seems that nature has a way of balancing itself out.()1. ______ cause people to have different eating habits.A. Their genesB. The weatherC. The food they growD. The houses they live

()2. According to the passage, FADS2 ______.A. helps people put on weightB. helps people digest meatC. can help people live longerD. can cause a blood illness

()3. From the passage, we know that people from the south ____.A. don't carry the gene G6PDB. are more immune to malariaC. are less likely to get blood illnessesD. have more healthy eating habits

()4. The underlined word “resist” might mean ____ in Chinese.A. 抵抗B. 治疗C. 研究D. 传播

()5. The passage mainly talks about ____.A. why Chinese people prefer to eat meat

B. how people have different ways of digesting foodC. how genes can influence our habits and preferences

D. the progress Chinese scientists have made in studying genetics四

Have you ever tried 3-D printing? A team of seven students from No. 34 Middle School in Zhengzhou, Henan, have wonawards for their creative 3-D printing works. Two of the team's works took the top prize at the International Youth InnovationDesign Competition, which was held in France this summer. One of their works had the theme “China's New Era (时代)”. Theother work was an ancient Chinese palace, which they sent as a gift to local officials in Lille, France.

The team members learned how to print in their school's 3-D printing club. They took classes twice a week to learn 3-Dprinting. To make 3-D-printed items, they first draw a blueprint. Then, they use a computer to design models of the piecesthey need. After that, they use a 3-D printer to print the pieces and put them together.

But knowing how to use the tools is just one part of mastering 3-D printing. One also has to have imagination. To show thetheme “China's New Era”, they printed out items(项⽬) representing(代表) high-speed trains, bike sharing, cashless paymentand online shopping. They placed these items around a dragon, which represented China. They made this work within justthree hours, winning a national 3-D printing competition in China and later the international competition.

When they got to the international competition, they wanted to present something that represented traditional Chinese

culture. They were inspired(得到灵感) by a trip to the Palace Museum. “When we saw the buildings there, we thought ‘that'sit'!” said Zhang Jiuxing, 14. They took photos of the buildings and did a lot of research to make their 3-D-printed works morerealistic. The students will continue to learn about this technology and make more creative things.()1. Where have the students won the prize at the International Youth Innovation Design Competition?A. In Zhengzhou.B. In Henan.C. In France.D. In China.

()2. The underlined word “blueprint” in Paragraph 2 means ___.A. 油画B. 蓝图C. 打印机D. 蓝⽛

()3. Paragraph 3 mainly talks about ____.

A. the importance of tools in 3-D printing competitionB. the importance of creation in 3-D printing competitionC. the importance of imagination in daily lifeD. the importance of competition in daily life

()4. What did they do to represent Chinese culture in the international competition?A. They had a trip to the Palace Museum.B. They took photos and did a lot of research.C. They made more creative things.D. They made an ancient Chinese palace.()5. Where can we read this passage?A. In a newspaper.B. In a novel.

C. In a notice.

D. In an advertisement.五

六

七

2019 International Wild Bird Photo Competition

Every year, as part of the Bird and Nature Festival, an international photo competition dedicated (献给) to wild bird is

organized. A selection of the best photos will be presented at the Crotoy during the event, which will take place from April21st to 29th, 2019.

Deadline: November 30th, 2018

Who may enter: The competition is open to amateurs (业余爱好者) and professional photographers from all over the world.Description: There are 5 categories open to photographers over 18 years old.●Bird in its environment

●Fashion design●Bird in danger●Water games●Mini-series

A special category is open to young photographers aged 15 to 17 years old (legal age as of November 30th, 2018 atmidnight), with only one theme—Wild bird.

You may submit(提交) a maximum of 10 photographs.Entry fees:

Photographers over 18 years old:$2 per photoYoung photographers aged 15 to 17 years old: freePrizes:

●Grand Prize: $1,500

●1st prize in each category: $800

●1st prize for the category “Young Photographers” by material endowments(资助).For more information：

Please visit http://www.doczj.com/doc/b25ddda17ed5360cba1aa8114431b90d6d85899c.html /concours/enconcours-photo/to learn more about the competition.()1. The competition is dedicated to ____.A. plantsB. petsC. wild birdD. wildlife

()2. ____ can join in the competition.A. Only professional photographersB. Only amateur photographersC. Teens aged below 15D. Both A and B

()3. Which category isn’t open to photographers over 18 years old?A. Bird in its environment.B. Wild bird.C. Fashion design.D. Bird in danger.

()4. Jack, aged 17, wants to submit five photos. How much should he pay?A. $2.B. $10.C. $12.

D. Free.

()5. Which of the following order is RIGHT?①The best photos are presented at the Crotoy.①Photographers pay their entry fee.①The best photos are selected out.①Photographers take photos on the theme.A. ①①①①B. ①①①①C. ①①①①D. ①①①①⼋

Attention! Little musicians and their parents …City Music Center is now OPEN for fall registration!

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +MUSIC TOGETHER

Our Music Together program is for mixed ages, including children from birth up to kindergarten(幼⼉园). This nationally

recognized program is for early childhood music development. Parents are expected to stay and take part as well, setting upa musical connection with their children in a very fun way. Music Together classes are helpful for us to provide musicalexperience for our children in class and at home, opening up a lifetime of music making.Fall Session Info:

Tuition(学费): $165; Second Child Rate: $115(second child under 6 months old attend for free) Section 1: at 10:00 a.m.,Tuesdays, Sept.13—Nov.15

Section 2: at 10:00 a.m., Saturdays, Sept.1—Oct.31Section 3: at 7:00 p.m., Fridays, Sept.20—Nov.22Jessica Allen teaches all of our Music Together classes.

Families will receive a CD, a download code(密码) to get the music online, a songbook, a booklet of information about theresearch behind the program, and more!

+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +MUSICAL DISCOVERY

Musical Discovery is an introduction to the principles(原则) of music, for ages of three to five. We will dance, sing, play musicgames and have a lot of fun as we learn. Our pieces of music will include children’s songs from around the world as well asold favorites.Fall Session Info:

Tuition: $120 Teacher: Sarah Trouslard

Time/Day: 3:15—4:00 p.m., Mondays Dates: Sept.15—Nov.17+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +

Visit us online at http://www.doczj.com/doc/b25ddda17ed5360cba1aa8114431b90d6d85899c.html to sign up (报名) forlessons and classes today.

()1. ____ can take part in Music Together program.

A. Middle school students and their parentsB. Little children and their parents

C. Middle school students and their teachersD. Little children and their teachers

()2. 3-year-old Sandy and her 5-month-old baby brother have to pay ____ for Music Together.A. $ 50B. $115C. $165D. $280

()3. Mr. Johnson works on weekdays in October and he can take part in ____ of Music Together with his little son.A. Section 1B. Section 1 or 2C. Section 2D. Section 2 or 3

()4. In Musical Discovery program, kids ____.A. can only sing children songsB. can learn music in a fun wayC. can play any game they likeD. cannot hear foreign songs

()5. Readers of this poster may be ____.A. parents of babies and kidsB. music fans of different agesC. children from birth to 5 years old

D. teachers like Jessica Allen and Sarah Trouslard九

Humans share Earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal friends may not be around for muchlonger.

According to the Living Planet Report released by the World Wildlife Fund(WWF)in October, populations of several animals,including mammals(哺乳动物), birds and fish, had fallen by about 60 percent since 1970.

As the report said, one of the biggest causes of wildlife loss is human activity. Three quarters of the world’s land has beenaffected by human activity. Many natural habitats have been destroyed to create farmland.

About 300 mammal species(种类)are dying out because humans are over-eating them. Another example is the industrialover-fishing of the oceans, The Guardian noted.

The challenge we face is to find ways to meet the needs of our growing population while

protecting the environment, the WWF said. It has called on world governments and businesses to make efforts together toprotect people and nature.

The situation in China is not positive, either. According to a report by China Daily in November, Chinese paddlefish (⽩鲟)may be dying out. And there are now less than 500 green peafowl (孔雀) in the wild, CCTV reported in June.

To protect endangered animals, measures have been taken in China and progress has been made. For example, China hasbanned(禁⽌)the use of rhino horn (犀⽜⾓) and tiger bones, as well as banned ivory trading, China Daily reported. It has alsoheld some activities to increase public awareness(意识).()1. What do we know from the Living Planet Report?A. Animals are destroying natural habitats.B. The human population is increasing.C. Many animal species are dying out.

D. Humans and animals are equal in terms of their population.()2. According to the passage, what leads to wildlife loss?①creating farmland①over-eating of mammals①air pollution①industrial over-fishingA. ①①①B. ①①①C. ①①①D. ①①①

()3. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 5 is about ____.A. the governmentB. the populationC. the environmentD. the challenge

()4. The Chinese meaning of “positive” in Paragraph 6 is____.A. 乐观的B. 积极的C. 严峻的D. 糟糕的

()5. Paragraph 7 was written to show ____.A. which animal species are endangered in ChinaB. how Chinese people deal with environmental problemsC. how to increase public awareness to protect animalsD. what efforts China has made to protect endangered animals⼗

If you skip a meal, do you ever notice yourself starting to get angry or annoyed very easily? Well, this is often known as being“hangry” or being angry because you are very hungry.

But as it turns out, it's not just a funny phrase, but it is scientifically true! Scientists found this feeling of anger usually comesfrom having low glucose(葡萄糖)levels in the blood. Glucose is put into the body after you eat.

The brain also needs this to work correctly. When the body is low in glucose, the brain sends hormones(激素)to increase theamount of glucose in the body. Brenda Bustillos, a dietitian (营养学家) at Texas A & M University, the US, said, “Hungerleads to high stress hormones, which makes it hard to control our emotions.”

The brain even starts to feel like you are dealing with a life-threatening(威胁⽣命的)situation if you don't get enough glucose.Another problem is that the brain will also use neuropeptide (神经肽) to send a message saying you should eat. But this isthe same chemical that manages anger.

Amanda Salis, PhD, University of Sydney, says that we may also be able to thank our ancestors for our hanger. Salis saysthat long ago when there was not much food, people had to be aggressive to eat as much as they could to get enough food tolive. So even now when most people have enough food to eat, there is still that aggressive feeling toward needing food.()1. If you are“hangry”, you ____.A. get hungry because you are angryB. get hungry easily when you are tiredC. get angry because you are hungryD. get angry easily when you are tired

()2. According to the scientists, the feeling of anger usually results from ____.A. low glucose levelsB. high blood pressureC. low hormonesD. controllable emotions

()3. The underlined word “aggressive” in Paragraph 5 means ___.A. 爱吵闹的B. 有闯劲的C. 善战的D. 有见地的

()4. From the passage, we can learn that neuropeptide ____.A. is a chemical that sends a message saying we are fullB. is a stress hormone that controls our emotionsC. is a chemical that helps us deal with hard situationsD. is a chemical that manages our anger()5. The passage is mainly talking about ____.A. the reasons for being angryB. the results of staying hungryC. the ways to control our emotions

D. the relationship between anger and hunger⼗⼀

⼗⼆

⼗三

For a long time, a couple of Chinese parents were allowed to have only one child in order to control China's population.However, after China's two-child policy came out, the number of newly-born babies didn't rise rapidly as some expertsexpected.

The same situation does not happen only in China, but also in other countries. There has been a remarkable global declinein the number of children women are having, according to a study published in The Lancet. The study looked at birth trendsin several countries from 1950 to 2017.

In 1950, women had an average of 4.7 children in their lifetime. The number was 2.4 children per woman in 2017. The

researchers said that the findings were a “huge surprise”. This means that nearly half of the countries they looked at are nowfacing a “baby bust (婴⼉荒)”. There are not enough children to maintain (保持) the countries’ population size, according to areport published by the BBC.

“As women have gotten more educated and participated more in the workplace, many women prefer to have fewer children.So there is no surprise that fertility has come down tremendously (⾮常地),” said study author Christopher Murray. “And itcomes down faster in younger women.”

Getting married later in life is another factor. “The age at which women are getting married is increasing,” James Kiarie,coordinator for the World Health Organization, told CNN.

()1. Before the two-child policy, a couple of Chinese parents were allowed to have ____.A. one childB. two childrenC. three childrenD. four children

()2. According to The Lancet, the study shows that ____.A. more women prefer to have fewer childrenB. more women don’t want to get marriedC. more women decide to give up workingD. more women want to make lots of money

()3. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the “baby bust”?A. Women get more educated.B. Women prefer to get married later.C. Women want to have more free time.D. Women participate more in the workplace.

()4. The underlined word “fertility” probably means ____ in Chinese.A. 失业率B. 离婚率C. 犯罪率D. ⽣育率

()5. What's the main idea of the passage?

A. China has a new policy.

B. Many countries face the “baby bust”.

C. There is a remarkable decline in the world's population.D. A magazine published a study on the world's population.⼗四

When throwing away waste, do you know which bin it should go in? Have you ever noticed the differently-colored bins on thestreet? Some of you might not be able to answer these questions. However, it's actually quite important to know how to sort(将……分类) your waste.

If you don't sort your waste, all of it will go to a landfill (垃圾填埋场) and be buried together. These landfills can take up largeareas of ground that could have been used for planting trees or crops. The electronic waste you throw away, such as

batteries (电池), can pollute the soil and groundwater. Other waste, like the metal part of a pen, can be used to make otherthings if they are properly recycled.

With this in mind, many cities in China have been running waste-sorting activities. For example, Shanghai announced in Julythat within three years, all the people in Shanghai should sort their waste into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.Wet waste is also known as household waste. They are things that you don't want but pigs can eat. Paper, metal, glass andother things that can be reused are recyclable waste. Harmful waste includes things like medicine and batteries. Finally, anywaste that's not wet, recyclable or harmful will go into the “dry waste” bin.