07语言学试卷A卷

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Part I Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets. (2%×20=40%)

1. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be ______________.

A. prescriptive B. analytic C. descriptive D. diachronic

2. According to F. de Saussure, ______ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.

A. parole B. performance C. competence D. langue

3. The beginning of modern linguistics was marked by the publication of ________ book

“Course in General Linguistics” in the early 20th

century.

A. Saussure’s B. Plato’s C. Chomsky’s D. Halliday’s 4. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.

A. bound morpheme B. free morpheme C. inflectional morpheme D. bound form

5. The affix “ed” in the word “stopped” is known as a(n)________ morpheme. A. derivational B. free C. inflectional D. open

6. The level of syntactic representation that exists before movement takes place is commonly termed the ___________.

A. phrase structure B. surface structure C. syntactic structure D. deep structure

7. The word “ smog” is formed through .( ).

A. backformation B.clipping C. derivation D. blending 8. “Can I borrow your bike?” _______ “ You have a bike.”

A. presupposes B. is inconsistent with C. entails D. is synonymous with

9．A(n)____act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention, it is the act performed in saying something.

A. locutionary B. illocutionary C. perlocutionary D. speech 10. Which word can be analyzed as +HUMAN, +ANIMATE, -ADULT, -MALE ____

A．boy B．man C．girl D．woman 11. The pair of words \"old\" and \"young\" are_______antonymy.（） .

A. gradable B. converse C. relational D. complementary 12. ________ proposed the register theory.

A. Saussure B. Halliday C. Ogden D. Chomsky 13. The relationship between \"animal\" and \"dog\" is .

A. polysemy B. homonymy C. hyponymy D. synonymy

14. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of

meaning _________ is considered.

A. reference B. speech act C. practical usage D. context

15. “Autumn” and “fall” are used respectively in Britain in and America, but refer to the same thing. The words are synonyms. ( )

A. collocational B. stylistic C. complete D. dialectal

16. “Wife”, which used to refer to any woman, stands for “ a married woman” in modern

English. This phenomenon is known as ________.

A. semantic shift B. semantic broadening C. semantic elevation D. semantic narrowing

17. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in ____.

A. the place of articulation B. the obstruction of air stream C. the position of the tongue D. the shape of the lips 18. is the discussion about the relationship between language and culture. A. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis B. Critical Period Hypothesis C. Bilingualism D. Behaviorism

19. _____ is the study of the relationship between brain and language. ( ) A. Psycholinguistics B. Neurolinguistics C. Sociolinguistics D. Semantics

20. The____ view holds that language develops as a result of the complex interplay between the human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops. A. behaviorist B. innatist C. interactionist D. cognitive Part II. True or false. (1%×10=10%)

1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. ( ) 2. A phone is a phonetic unit that distinguishes meaning. ( ) 3. Words are the smallest meaningful units of language. ( )

4. “It is snowing.” is a no-place predication because it contains no argument. ( ) 5. Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. ( ) 6. Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle. ( ) 7. The way children acquire the language is one of the causes for language change. ( ) 8. language variation and language use among a variety of speech communities and in different social situations.

9. Human capacity for language has a genetic basis, i.e. we are all born with the ability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically transmitted. ( ) 10. L1 development and L2 development seem to involve the same processes. ( )

Part III. Define the following terms。 (3%×5=15%)

1 phonology

2. morphology

3. syntax

4. culture

5. second language acquisition

Part IV Answer the following questions. (35%)

1.What are the criteria for English consonants classification , And what are the criteria for English vowels classification. (5%)

2. What are the major views concerning the study of meaning? (5%)

3.What is language? What characteristics of language do you think should be included in a

good, comprehensive definition of language? What are the main features of human language that it is essentially different from animal communication system? (10%)

4. What are the four maxims of the CP? Explain them. Try to give two examples to show how flouting these maxims give rise to conversational implicature?(10%)

5. Draw the surface structure trees for the sentence. (5%) What did you eat for lunch?

ANSWER SHEET 题号 Part Ⅰ Part II Part III Part IV 总分得分教师签名 Part I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and put the letter

A,B,C or D in the brackets. (2%×20=40%) 得分

阅卷教师题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 Part II. True or false. (1%×10=10%) 得分阅卷教师题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 Part III Define the following terms (3%×5=15%)

得分 1 phonology 阅卷教师