代 词（二）
考点透视
1. －How long will you stay here?（2006 武汉）
－ I think I will be here for ________ more days. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
2. ______ of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help（.2006 南通）
A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None
3. ---What’ s on TV tonight? Is there _________ interesting?
--- I ’ m afraid not. (2004年北京市中考试题 )
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
people like to stay at home, but ________ like to go to the cinema.
A. another B. other C. others D. other one Is this your shoe?
-- Yes, but where is _________?
A. the other one B. other one C. another one D. the others When shall we meet again next week?
-- _______ day is possible. It ’ s no problem with me. A. Either B. Neither C. Every D. Any has gone to _________ city and he ’ ll be back in a week.
A. other B. the other C. another D. any other A latest magazine, please.
-- Only one left. Would you like to have ________? A. it B. one C. this D. that
9.–Which book would you like to borrow?
-- ________ of the two books is OK with me. A. Either B. Both C. Any D. None
knows ______ English ______French. But he ’ s very good at Japanese. A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. either; nor 11.–What do your parents do?
-- One is a teacher; _________ is a driver. A. other B. another C. the other D. that one are many trees on ________ side of the street.
A. either B. any C. all D. both
13. ________ of them has his own opinion. (2004年上海徐汇区中考试题 )
A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each
语法考点
不定代词
不指明朝替任何特命名 或形容 的代 叫做不定代 。常用不定代 有： ?some,
any, all, none, both, either, neither, each, every, other, another, much, many, few, little, one 等。 ?
1. one/another/the other
one⋯ the other 只有两个 some⋯ the others 有三个以上 one⋯ another，another ⋯ some⋯ others，others ⋯
others = other people/things
the others = the rest 节余的全部 1) 泛指另一个用 another。
2) 必然范 内两人 (物)，一个用 one，另一个用 the other。
3) 必然范 内三者，一个用 one，另一个用 one (another)，第三个可用 the other，a third。 4) 必然范 内，除去一部分人 /物，节余的所实用 the others。
5) 泛指 的人或物 ，用 others，当在必然范 内， 除去一部分后，节余部分但不是全部 ，也用 others。
2. both, either, neither, all, any, none
使用范围
单词 both
中文释义 两者都
例句
Both of the boys are clever.
两个男孩都很聪颖。
Either of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都很聪颖。
Neither of the two boys is clever.
两个男孩都不聪颖。
All the flowers are gone.
全部的花都谢了。 I don't like any of the flowers.
这些花我都不喜欢。
I like none of the flowers. 这些花我都不喜欢。
两 个 人 或 物
either
两者中任何一个
neither
两者都不 全部的，全部
all
三 者 以 上
any
任何一个
none
都不
注意： (1) both 与复数 用， either 与 数 用。
(2) all 与 none 用法一 。跟 数名 ， 用 数 ； 跟复数名 ， 用复数 。
如： All of the students are there. 全部的学生都在那处。
All (of) the milk is there. 全部的牛奶都在那处。
热身练习
。
1. ---Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?
--- of them. I ’ d like some cola. A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None 2. You ’ d better invite to our English party. A. them all B. both them C. all them D. them of all
3. ---When shall we meet, tomorrow morning or tomorrow afternoon?
---I don ’ t mind. time is OK.
A. Both B. Every C. All D. Either 4. I have two pens. One is red, is blue. A. the other B. others C. other D. another 5. There are many kinds of horses on the farm. What things can you see? A. others B. other C. the other D. another
语法考点
3. some, any
some 一些，可与复数名词及不可以数名词连用。 (1)在必然句中用 some。 (2)some用于其他句式中：
a. 必然疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是必然的， 或希望获取必然回答时。
Would you like 句式中，表宛转央求或建议。
Would you like some coffee? b. 在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义时。
If you need some help, let me know. c. some位于主语部分。
Some students haven't been there before.
d. 当否定的是整体中的部分时， some可用于否定句。
I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years这.些年我没有收到一
些老朋友的信。
any 一些，any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。 当句中含有 “任何 ”的意思时， any 可用于必然句。
如： Here are three novels. You may read any. 这有三本小说，你可任读一本。 4. few, little, a few, a little
可数名词 few
不可以数名词 little a little
含义
否定含义，还有一点 必然含义，没有多少了
a few
如： He has a few friends.
He has few friends.
We still have a little time. There is little time left.
5. Many ，much
单词\"好多\" many
差异
他有几个朋友。
他几乎没有朋友。
我们还有点时间。
几乎没剩下什么时间了。
例句
How many people are there at the meeting? How much time has we left?
+可数名词 +不可以数名词
much
固定搭配 :
only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many)
如： many books were sold. 卖出了好多书。
many a book was sold. 卖出了好多书。
many， much 前可有 so, too, how 等词进行修饰。 如： There are too many mistakes in your diary.
So many people are waiting for the bus.
Sorry, I ’ m afraid I can ’ t go with you. I
’ ve got too much work to do.
热身练习
单项选择。
1. I want books to read. Do you have ? A. some, any B. any, some C. any, any D. some, some 2. There is snow this winter. A. many B. more C. much D. a few 3. The film is very boring. people like it. A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few 4. He is too busy to have time to rest. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little 5. Would you like milk? A. some B. any C. little D. a few
语法考点
6. 复合不定代词
1）复合不定代词由 some, any, no, every加上 -body, -thing, -one 构成。
anybody 任何人 nobody 没人 everybody 每人 如： somebody某人
anyone任何人 no one 没人 everyone每人 someone某人
everything 每件事 anything 任何事物 nothing 没东西 something 某物
2）复合不定代词的用法
这些复合不定代词只具有名词性质，用作单数，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。带
some的一般用于必然句，而带 any 的一般用于否定句和疑问句； 它们的用法同 some, any 的用法近似。带 body 与带 one 的复合代词，其词义相同，可是带 body 的较口语化。如： Everything begins to grow in spring. 春天万物开始生长了。
Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表坏了。 I can ’ t see anything我.什么也没看见。
3）复合不定代词的特别用法
（1）用在表示 “央求 ”、“建议 ”或希望获取对方必然答复的疑问句中。 如： Would you like something to drink? 你想喝点什么吗？
（2）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，定语必定放在它的后边。 如： There is something wrong with the radio. 收音机出了弊端。
4）比较不定代词 anyone/any one；no one/none；every/each的用法 （1） anyone和 any one
anyone仅指人， any one 既可指人，也可指物。 （2） no one 和 none
a) none 后跟 of 短语，既可指人又可指物，而 no one 只单独使用，只指人。
b) none 作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可，而 no one 作主语谓语动词只能是单数。 如： None of you could lift it. 你们中没有人可举起它。
---- Did any one call me up just now? --刚刚有人打电话给我吗 ?
---- No one. --没有。
（3） every 和 each
①every 重申全体的看法， each重申个体看法。
如： Every student in our school works hard. 我们学校的学生都很用功。
Each student may have one book. 每个学生都可有一本书。
② every 指三个以上的人或物 (含三个 )，each 指两个以上的人或物 (含两个 )。 ③every 只作形容词，不可以单独使用。 each可作代词或形容词。如： Every student has to take one.
（4） anyone, anything, any one, anybody用在必然句中，起重申作用，表示 “无论什么事物（人） ”、 “任何事物（人） ”。
如： Anybody will tell you the way. 无论谁都会告诉你路线。
热身练习
用 someone/ somebody， anyone / anybody ， no one / nobody，something ，anything ，
nothing ，none 填空。 1. Listen! is singing in the next room. 2. of us is afraid of difficulties. 3. I didn't hear or see___________. 4. Could you tell different between the two pictures? 5. can run faster than he. He's the winner. 6. There's in the new cupboard. It's empty now. 7. broke the window last night. 8. I'm so thirsty. Shall we get to drink?
拓展训练
一、单项选择。
’ ll givetohereat. 1. Lucy is coming to my house this evening. I A. anything delicious B. delicious anything C. delicious something D. something delicious 2. ---What’ s in your car?
. ---
A. No one B. Nothing C. Nobody D. None 3. We were all very tired, but of us would like to have a rest. A. all B. any C. none D. neither 4. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but of them came. A. neither B. either C. none D. both 5. of us has to pass the exam. A. Each B. Every C. None D. No one 二、采纳 other, the other, another, the others, others 填空。 1. I have two sisters. One is a teacher, is a doctor. 2. These shoes are too small for me. Would you show me ? 3. Of the three foreign guests, one is from London, two are from New York. 4. I have four pencils. One is red, are green.
5. Don ’ t give up. You should have 三、改错。
try.
1. You may keep the book for a week, but you mustn
he’ otherslendit. to t
2. There is no egg at home. Would you please get any for me? 3. He will be back in other ten days.
4. Let ’ s hurry. There is still little time left.
5. I don ’ t like these films because neitherthemof is interesting.
随堂牢固
一、单项选择
3. I don't want this shirt. Please show me . A. others B. the others C. another D. the other 4. The fisherman saw in the net. A. some strange thing B. some thing strange C. something strange D. strange something
5. ---Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the post office?
of the four roads will do. ---
A. Any B. Neither C. Both D. Every 6. ---Where can I tie the horse?
of the two trees. ---Oh, you can tie it to
A. both B. every C. each D. either 7. ---Is this dictionary or ? ---It ’ s mine. A. your, hers B. yours, her C. your, her D. yours, hers 8. She always thinks of more than herself. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 9. Boys, don ’ t touch the machine, or you may hurt . A. myself B. yourself C. yourselves D. themselves 10. The artist has learned Russian for four months and he can write Russian now. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 二、选择括号内所给的代词填空。 1. ---Would you like some more rice?
. (little, a little) ---Yes. Just
2. ---Do you like talking with your friends on the telephone or mobile phone?
. I enjoy using QQ. (Either, Neither) ---
3. ---How many of the 300 books have you read?
of them. (Both, All) ---
4. of us has an English-Chinese dictionary. (Every, Each) 5. ---Hello, Betty!
is my good friend, Linda. (That, This) ---Hello, Lucy!
三、连词成句。 1. His parents, yesterday, went, buy, a, to, computer 2. he, be, used, a, to, teacher
3. had, they, a, last, dancing party, weekend
4. built, people, this, building, two, years, thousand, ago 5. flied, she, Australia, to, last month 四、句型变换。
1. They went to Hong Kong by train last week. (改为一般疑问句 ) 2. I used to play with my friends here. (改为一般疑问句 ) 3. His parents worked in this factory before. 改(为否定句 ) 4. Miss. Brown came here a month ago.对(划线部散提问 ) 5. The Greens went to Japan last Friday.对(划线部散提问 )
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