(英语)高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Two of the saddest words in the English language are \"if only\". I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.

My father is famous in our family for saying \"Take the extra minute to do it right.\" I always try to live by the \"extra minute\" rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an \"if only\" moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.

I don't only avoid those \"if only\" moments when it comes to safety. It's equally important to avoid \"if only\" in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say \"I love you\" or \"I forgive you.\" When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here. But then I thought about the fact that he was 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.

I know there will still be occasions when I have to say \"if only\" about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the right thing. I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being. （1）Which of the following is an example of the \"extra minute\" rule?

A. Start the car the moment everyone is seated. B. Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.

C. Move an object out of the way before it trips someone. D. Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.

（2）The underlined word \"foregone\" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______.. A. abandoned B. avoided C. lacked D. taken （3）The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ________.

A. join in the holiday celebration of the company B. keep her appointment with the eye doctor

C. finish her work before the deadline approached D. meet her father who was already an old man

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Two Saddest Words B. The Most Useful Rule C. The Peace of Mind D. The Emotional Well-being 【答案】（1）C

（2）A （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是\"if only\"．因为他们表达了遗憾，父亲在我小的时候经常让我提前做一些能防止意外发生的事，因此我懂得珍惜现在所拥有的一切，而且我知道我正在做对的事。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一、二段的内容可知，作者所说的\"extra minute\" rule是指在遇事时多思考一分钟，从而可以避免以后遗憾、犯错或失望。C项“在绊倒别人之前把障碍物挪走”,属于“extra minute”规则。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。划线词所在句and前后连接语意相似成分，由其前\"失去一个心爱的人或物\"可推知此处是指“后悔放弃一个机会”，foregone意为“放弃”与abandoned同义，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“But then I thought about the fact that he's 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him.”可知父亲说在周五去看眼科医生时经过作者的办公室，虽然那天是假日，但作者想到父亲84了，自己不应该放弃每一次见父亲的机会，于是又改口说那天上班。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。通读文章可知，本文主要叙述了作者通过\"extra minute\" rule来避免以后说\"if only\"的情况。\"if only\"作为线索贯穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了the saddest words，The Two Saddest Words适合作为标题，其他选项比较笼统，不能涵盖本文内容。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

This is my son Matthew's last night at home before college. I know that this is good news. I feel proud that Matthew will go to a great school. I know that this is finest hour. But looking at the suitcases on his bed sends me out of the room to a hidden corner where I can't stop crying. Through the sorrow, I feel a rising embarrassment. \"Pull yourself together!\" I tell myself. There are parents sending their kids off to battle zones. How dare I feel so shocked and upset? One of the great gifts of my life has been having my boys, Matthew and Johnowen. Through them, I have explored the mysterious, complicated bond between fathers and sons. As my wife and I raised them, I have discovered the love and loss between my father and me. After my parents' divorce，I spent weekends with my dad in Ohio. By the time Sunday came around, I was unable to enjoy the day's activities because I was already afraid of the goodbye of the evening. Now，standing among Matthew's accumulation of possessions, I realize it's me who has become a boy again. All my sadness and longing to hold on to things are back, sweeping over me as they did when I was a child.

His bed is tidy and spare. It already has the feel of a guest bed. In my mind I replay wrapping him in his favorite blanket. That was our nightly routine until one evening he said,\" Daddy, I don't

think I need a blanket tonight.\" I think of all the times we lay among the covers reading. I look at the bed and think of all the recent times I was annoyed at how late he was sleeping. I'll never have to worry about that again, I realize.

For his part, Matthew has been a rock. He is treating his leaving as just another day at the office. And I'm glad. After all, someone's got to be strong. I'm proud that he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence.

（1）What does the writer mean by \"Pull yourself together!\"?

A. Get up. B. Cheer up. C. Pull up. D. Wake up. （2）We can infer from the passage that___________.

A. the writer is accustomed to sleeping early B. Matthew doesn't get on well with his father C. Matthew is ready for his new life D. the writer wasn't brave enough to face his parents' divorce

（3）How does the writer feel about his son's leaving for college?

A. Worried. B. Grateful. C. Relieved. D. Bittersweet. （4）Which of the following could be the best title of the text? A. Unavoidable Goodbye B. Sweet Memories C. Glorious Moment D. Unconditional Love 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）D （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“There are parents sending their kids off to battle zones.How dare I feel so shocked and upset?”有父母还把他们的孩子送去战场，我怎么能如此震惊和心烦呢？由此推断出作者是在安慰自己，高兴起来，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I'm proud that he is charging into the first chapter of his adult life with such confidence.”可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章，感到自豪，由此推断出Matthew对他的新生活做好了准备，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。通过阅读文章可知，作者的儿子去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲，由此推知作者对于儿子上大学，苦乐参半，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Have you ever experienced such an annoying thing as it took so long to open a web page? You're watching stops every few minutes, which ruined your internet experience. But it could be a thing of the past. On June 3, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that China would issue licenses for the commercialization of 5G. It means major telecom carriers will start to provide 5G services.

The \"G\" in \"5G\" refers to the generation of mobile network technologies. 1G let us talk to each other, 2G let us send messages, 3G gave us mobile data and the internet, and 4G made all of these things faster.

Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an entire HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay between sending and receiving data. For example, when you have a video chant with your friend, there is generally a 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒) delay with 4G, but 5G will reduce the delay to 1 millisecond or less, which is almost real time.

With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely, as they will be able to communicate in real time and avoid potential dangers. Meanwhile, 5G enabled wearable devices will keep doctors constantly updated on the health status of their patients and warn them immediately if there's something wrong. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.

Though 5G will make our lives more convenient, it will not be perfect. For one thing, 5G will not \"travel\" far. On 4 networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission (传输) base and barely lose signal. But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning we will need more transmitters so that we can get signals. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new specially, designed for 5G that are currently expensive. （1）What is the function of the first paragraph? A.To provide a background of the topic. B.To offer basic knowledge of the topic. C.To use an example to support the topic. D.To draw readers' attention to the topic.

（2）According to the passage, what is likely to happen to our life with 5G? A.Doctors can treat more patients. B.No drivers are needed in the near future.

C.Many advanced technologies will be further improved. D.Children will hate playing VR games in the real world. （3）What can he found when 5G is compared with 4G? A.4G cover smaller areas. B.4G needs more transmitters. C.5G signals can travel farther. D.5G costs higher in early stage.

（4）What is the text mainly about?

A.The development of 5G. B.Challenges that 5G will face. C.Benefits that people will get from 5G. D.The difference that 5G will make to our lives. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了5G时代的到来即将给人们的生活带来的影响。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Have you ever experienced such an annoying thing as it took so long to open a web page? You're watching stops every few minutes.”可知，第一段使用打开网页时间长且卡顿的例子来吸引读者并引出主题。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段“With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely, as they will be able to communicate in real time and avoid potential dangers. Meanwhile, 5G enabled wearable devices will keep doctors constantly updated on the health status of their patients and warn them immediately if there's something wrong. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.”可知，5G使无人汽车更安全；医生更精准获取病人的 病情；VR游戏玩起来更逼真。所有这些都得益于5G传输速度的极大提高。由此可推知，5G使许多先进技术得到进一步优化。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new product specially designed for 5G that are currently expensive.”可知，为了使用5G，目前需要购买价格昂贵的与之配套的新产品。由此可知，早期使用5G的成本要高于4G。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，文章从一个现象引出对于5G的讨论，介绍了5G的优势和早期存在的缺陷，讲述了5G将给人们生活带来的影响。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A Song of Ice and Fire is a seven-part series of fantasy written for adults. George R. R. Martin writes each chapter from the perspective of a specific character, providing a limited point of view for each section. The reader is able to understand the inner workings of the individual, but the reader is barred from a whole understanding of the text. The world he has created has magic, but there is much more than that. While magic exists, it exists on the edge, and the inner unrest of the characters is much more important.

His work also has a level of realness that is astonishing in a work of fantasy. Characters are imperfect, and many make questionable moral choices. In the end, however, Martin shows that both good and bad happen to both the people of high moral standard and the corrupt. He has

made it clear that any character can die at any point, which has led to a lot of heartbreak from readers.

In 2011, A Song of Ice and Fire became a television series titled Game of Thrones. Martin has been closely involved with the production. It has currently run for seven seasons, and viewers anxiously await the eighth season to answer their questions from the season seven finale. His fans are also waiting for The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring, the next books in the series, to answer the questions Martin and the television show have not yet addressed. Martin, however, has no plans to rush. He has made it clear that he will continue to write the books while working on the television show and writing other novels.

But how will the story continue? What is going to happen in Westeros, and more importantly: when are we going to find out? Martinis skill as a writer has kept readers and viewers spellbound. Many hope he will finish the next book before the next season of the show begins, but no one knows with Martin. He always keeps his readers guessing.

（1）One of the characteristics of A Song of Ice and Fire is ________.

A. each chapter is written from a limited point of view B. magic is the center of the story C. Martin has made imperfect characters die at any point D. many characters make astonishing choices

（2）What is George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire considered to be? A. One of his masterworks of fantasy. B. An unsuccessful screen adaptation. C. An artistic creation for the TV. D. One of the best TV programmes. （3）What does the word “address” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. written B. spoken C. solved D. directed （4）How will the ending of the story be?

A. Interesting. B. Confusing. C. Novel. D. Unknown. 【答案】（1）A （2）A （3）C （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了George R. R. Martin为成人写的奇幻小说《冰与火之歌》。作者Martin从一个特定的角色的角度来写每一章，为每一节提供一个有限的观点。这人们正期待作者继续写作，把故事延续下去。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“George R. R. Martin writes each chapter from the perspective of a specific character, providing a limited point of view for each section.”可知，A Song of Ice and Fire的一个特点是每一章都是用有限的视角写的。故选A。

(2)K考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“His work also has a level of realness that is astonishing in a work of fantasy.”可知，George R. R. Martin的A Song of Ice and Fire被认为这是他的杰作之一。故选A。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“His fans are also waiting for The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring, the next books in the series, to answer the questions Martin and the television show have not yet addressed. Martin, however, has no plans to rush.”可知，他的书迷们也正在

等着The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring——本系列的下一本书，这本书是为了解答马丁和电视剧尚未解决的问题。由此可知选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“He always keeps his readers guessing.”可知，这个故事的结尾将是未知的。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

5．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 \"You'll be blind by the time you're twenty-five,\" a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted. \"Your blood sugars are much too high.\" It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.

I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.

When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.

Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.

\"Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind,\" my instructor told me. \"You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.\" It's amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. \"By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint,\" my instructor added.

For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator. （1）What does the underlined word \"it\" in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. The right opportunity. B. Losing my sight in the future. C. Consuming too much sugar D. The children's hospital. （2）What happened when the author was 25 years old? A. He gave up painting. B. He went blind completely C. He injured one of his eyes. D. He picked up a new hobby （3）What brought a turning point to the author? A. A special course. B. A meaningful event C. An inspiring speech. D. An important interview. （4）What does the author intend to tell us?

A. No pain, no gain. B. Every man has his price.

C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. D. Be optimistic in the face of life's difficulties. 【答案】（1）B （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气馁，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就会打开。

（1）考查代词指代。。根据第一段中的“‘You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five,’ a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted.“当你25岁的时候，你就会失明” 可知， No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.中的it指的是“在未来会失明”，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.”可知，作者25岁时左眼受伤。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.”可知，“一个特殊的课程” 给作者带来了一个转折点。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.”可知，作者告诉我们“面对生活中的困难，要乐观。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Lately a popular eight-floor bookstore in Hefei,Anhui province,has risen to fame because it becomes the world's first shared bookstore,in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.

It comes to people's attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day as a shared bookstore on July 16 this year,a record high since it was reopened to the public in 2013.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day,Thepaper.cn reported.

Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued under 150 yuan per visit after registering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit fee（押金）.

All books on sale in the bookstore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damaged are sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finish reading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back,and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.

\"We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,\"Xu Xinwei,who helps run the bookstore,told Thepaper.cn.

Some parents buy a lot of books for their children,but they usually end up collecting dust as their children grow up.Similarly,some popular novels for young people also fall out of fashion,according to Xu.\"Books are more effectively circulated when they're shared.\" （1）The bookstore becomes a shared one .

A. to make more money B. to make more room for new books C. to inspire more people to read D. to recommend new books

（2）What does the underlined phrase “risen to fame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Become well-known. B. Settled down. C. Broken up. D. Taken over. （3）What can we infer from the passage?

A. The bookstore was once the best in Anhui province. B. The books that are sold here can't be borrowed.

C. More than 4,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2013. D. The cost of reading can be reduced by sharing the books.

（4）What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?

A. The bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children. B. The readers are allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.

C. The readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read. D. The bookstore is considering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading. 【答案】（1）C （2）A （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店，由于成为世界上第一家共享书店，因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。本文以此展开，主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“in a move meant to encourage more reading among Chinese citizens.”可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让更多的公民阅读。故选C。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中popular一词，以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店，可见这家书店应该“名声大振”。risen to fame译为“名声大振”。故选A.

（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“\"We want to bring down the cost of reading so people could read more books,”可推知，共享图书可以降低阅读成本，这样人们可以更多的阅读。故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“and members can be rewarded one yuan for every book read.”可知，所有的阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo 19 world-class museums, galleries, and a zoo

The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings.

Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your community. Here we have listed some places to visit: Tips & Guidelines:

Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.

Service animals are welcome at the museums and the National Zoo. Pets are not permitted. Lunches should be properly closed or stored in lockers during your visit. （1）he Smithsonian offers all these EXCEPT .

A. galleries B. concerts C. museums D. zoos （2）If you are interested in animals, you can . A. go to 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC B. go to 8th and F Streets, NW Washington, DC C. visit the museum 11 a.m. on Christmas D. visit the zoo at weekends on June 25

（3）To arrange your visit better, you can .

A. have lunch during your visit B. take your pets along with you

C. ask the staff and volunteers for help D. fill in an application form before your visit 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area”可知史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian）在国家广场（National Mall）上设有11个博物馆和美术馆，在较大的国家首都辖区有6个博物馆和国家动物园（National Zoo）。没有提供音乐会。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据National Zoo所在的表格可知国家动物园的开放时间为三月15号到九月，每天的上午九点到下午六点；十月到来年的三月14号是每天上午九点到下午四点，12月25号不开。所以如果对动物感兴趣，游客可以在六月25号去游玩。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.”可知史密森尼博物馆的信息问讯处有友好的并且知识渊博的员工及志愿者，他们可以帮助你为参观做计划。所以如果你想更好的参观这里，可以寻求职工和志愿者的帮助，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

There are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10, 000 of them are located in London.

The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.

Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.

Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water, but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.

There is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.

（1）What does the underlined word \"alternative\" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Creative. B.Enjoyable. C.Non — traditional. D.Primitive.

（2）From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat. A.inconvenient B.easy

C.boring D.unforgettable

（3）Which of the following information is not given in the text? A.There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain. B.Many people live on houseboats in Wales.

C.Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.

D.People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours. （4）Why do many people choose to live on the water? A.living on the water is romantic B.living on the water is easy and natural

C.living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours D.living on the water costs less than living on the land 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。可知A项正确；第二段中的“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”自工业时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业

中变得流行起来，可知C项正确；以及最后一段中的“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Some people sit outside for hours without getting bitten by mosquitoes, but it always seems like you're being eaten alive within minutes of stepping outdoors.

If this is you, you're not alone. According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes' mouths water?

A popular myth claims that mosquitoes prefer certain blood types, but the fact is that they simply can't tell what your blood type is from a faraway place. Jonathon Day, a professor of medical entomology (昆虫学) at the University of Florida in the US, told NBC it's not complicated. \"The two most important reasons a mosquito is attracted to you have to do with sight and smell.\" Mosquitoes are especially active in the late afternoon. While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims (攻击对象) by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. That's why you commonly find them in crowded streets and parks.

Joop van Loon, an entomologist at Wageningen University in the Netherlands, told Live Science, \"Mosquitoes start orienting (使......朝向) themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations (浓度).\"

As a result, people who simply exhale (呼出) more of the gas over time – generally, larger people – have been shown to attract more mosquitoes than others. \"This is why kids don't get bitten as much ... as adults,\" US professor Ted Rosen told Science Alert.

This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren't pregnant. In addition to carbon dioxide, the color of the clothes you wear also plays a role in attracting mosquitoes.

According to Live Science, mosquitoes can lock onto targets from up to 50 meters away. At this distance, what we wear has a huge effect. Due to their vision (视觉), people wearing dark colors are more likely to become targets.

Being bitten by mosquitoes is annoying, but don't worry. Some simple tips can help ward them off. Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent (驱虫剂) and wear light-colored clothing. （1）How do mosquitoes locate their targets, according to the article? A.By seeking out bright clothes. B.By identifying different blood types. C.By sensing an increase of carbon dioxide. D.By following bigger crowds.

（2）Why are pregnant women more likely to be bitten by mosquitoes? A.Their larger size helps mosquitoes to see them. B.They breathe out more CO2. C.They are more likely to sweat. D.Their body temperatures are higher.

（3）How does the article advise you to avoid mosquitoes? A.Exercise regularly. B.Wear light-colored clothing. C.Keep your skin dry and clean. D.Stay indoors in the evening.

（4）What's the article mainly about? A.A new finding about mosquitoes. B.How people can avoid mosquito bites. C.A popular myth about mosquitoes.

D.Why some people are more attractive to mosquitoes than others. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么有些人可以整个夏天坐在户外乘凉却不被蚊子叮咬，而有些人一出门就好像要被蚊子吃掉一样。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“While flying along, they use their sense of smell to find possible targets. They find victims by smelling the carbon dioxide (CO2) breathed out by humans and animals. ”飞的时候，它们用嗅觉发现目标。它们通过闻人和动物呼出的二氧化碳来锁定目标；以及第五段中的“Mosquitoes start orienting themselves to carbon dioxide and keep flying upwind as they sense higher concentrations”蚊子开始飞向有二氧化碳的地方，当它们感知到高浓度的二氧化碳时，就保持逆流飞行，可知，蚊子通过感知二氧化碳的增加来锁定目标。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第七段“This love for CO2 can also put pregnant women at increased risk for mosquito bites, as they tend to exhale 21 percent more CO2 than people of the same age and size who aren't pregnant.”对二氧化碳的喜欢使得孕妇很容易被蚊子咬，因为她们比正常相同年龄，相同体型的人呼出多余21%的二氧化碳，可知，孕妇呼出更多的二氧化碳，所以更招蚊子咬。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Scientists recommend that we use insect repellent and wear light-colored clothing.”科学家建议我们使用驱虫剂或者穿浅颜色的衣服。可知，文章建议我们可以通过穿浅色衣服来避免蚊子叮咬。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“According to Smithsonian Magazine, around 20 percent of people in the world are especially tasty to mosquitoes. What about these people makes mosquitoes' mouths water?”根据Smithsonian杂志，世界上大约20%的人容易招蚊子咬。为什么这些人非常吸引蚊子呢？可知，本文探讨的话题是：为什么一些人比其他人更容易招蚊子。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解 On Broadway

Dear friends and community,

We are happy to introduce our new show, On Broadway.

This will be a night of the most entertaining, and thrilling Broadway Shows set on stage. We would like to honor some of these world class acts in our spectacular show. You will experience dramatic tangos (探戈), elegant waltzes (华尔兹), and much more. This production will attract you with its creative dancing, exciting music, and beautiful costumes.

Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door Summer Camp

Our unique and fun summer camp features dancing, fitness, games and other activities. While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination (协调), balance, posture, and physical condition.

For the last day, we have planned a performance for family and friends to show everything we have learned during the camp.

Date: Monday July 9 - Friday July 13, 9 am - 12:30 pm Children Ages 5 & Up North Carolina Open

I am excited to invite you to attend the North Carolina Open, Charlotte's first NDCA recognized dance competition.

Located in the beautiful Ballantyne Resort, this is an event you won't forget. Take part in an elegant evening of dancing, then relax in the spa or get away for a round of golf. Enjoy a full day of dancing with world-class judges and scholarship opportunities. Date: September 21 Admission: $30

General Information: Yusimi Cruz, Phone: (704) 2-7000

Dance Center USA is turning 7 years old, so come and celebrate with us! Anniversary Gala

Wine bar, appetizers (开胃菜), great music, and special performances by Dance Center students and professionals will be waiting for you.

Also, an award ceremony will be held to recognize the outstanding achievement of our students in the past year. Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm Party Admission: $15

（1）How much do you have to pay for a ticket to On Broadway if you book in advance? A.$15 B.$20 C.$25 D.$30

（2）How do children benefit from the summer camp? A.It helps strengthen their bodies.

B.It enables them to learn from famous dancers. C.They gain useful camping skills.

D.They learn how to get on with their parents.

（3）Which event is available in April at a good price? A.On Broadway B.Summer Camp C.North Carolina Open D.Anniversary Gala 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个娱乐活动：百老汇音乐剧；夏令营；北卡罗来纳州的舞蹈公开赛以及一个周年庆典。

（1）考查细节理解。根据On Broadway部分中的“Admission: $20 presale”提前购票$20，可知，提前预定On Broadway的门票，只需要$20。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Summer camp部分中的“While having a good time, campers can improve their body coordination (协调), balance, posture, and physical condition.”在玩得开心的同时，夏令营的参与者能够改善他们的身体协调性、平衡性、坐立的姿势以及身体状况，可知，参加夏令营能帮助同学们强壮身体。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据On Broadway部分中的“ Date: February 20 - April 4, 4 - 6 pm”从2月20日持续到4月4日；Anniversary Gala部分中的“ Date: Friday April 29, 8-10 pm”4月29日晚上8点到10点，都可以在四月内观看。再根据On Broadway部分中的“ Admission: $20 presale/$25 on the door”提前预定$20，现场买票$25；以及Anniversary Gala部分中的“Party Admission: $15”$15，可知，Anniversary Gala的门票更便宜一些。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。