1、1997年10月中国国家主席江泽民访问美国，江主席与克林顿总统就建立面向21世纪的建设性战略伙伴关系达成了一致看法。克林顿总统宣布，他将提前于今年（1998）6月底访华，以便进一步改善并促进中美关系的发展。 In October 1997, when China’s President JiangZemin visited the U.S., he and President Clinton reached agreement in the setting up of a constructive, strategic Partnership for the 21st Century. President Clinton has announced this year that he will move up his visit to China to the end of June in order to give fresh stimulus to the development and improvement of Sino-U.S. relations.
2．谢谢！秘书长先生，主席先生及各位尊敬的代表，先生们、女士们：我们以和平为己任，会聚在这个大厅，我们所在的这座城市已留下了暴力的创伤，我们所在的这个国家正在危急中觉醒，我们所在的这个世界正团结一心，准备与恐怖势力进行长期的斗争。今天，出席会议的每一位文明国家的代表都在以自己的决心，以最基本的文明准则向世界承诺：我们将坚决打击恐怖势力和非法暴力，保护我们自己，捍卫我们的未来。
Thank you. Mr. Secretary General, Mr. President, distinguished delegates and ladies and gentlemen. We meet in a hall devoted to peace, in a city scarred by violence, in a nation awakened to danger, in a world uniting for a long struggle. Every civilized nation here today is resolved to keep the most basic commitment of civilization: we will defend ourselves and our future against terror and lawless violence.
3、国际关系发展事态的不可预见性常常弄得专家们措手不及，如：1989年柏林墙事件。所以，绝大多数学者对他们的“准确预见”往往持一种保守的态度——找好退路。最权威的理论也只能给我们提供有关事态发展的大致趋向。 IR is an unpredictable realm of turbulent processes and events that catch the experts by surprise, such as the fall of Berlin Wall in 1989. Most IR scholars are modest about their ability to make accurate predictions---and with good reason. The best theories provide only a rough guide to understanding what actually occurs in IR or to predicting what will happen next.
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4、我们需要描述与理论相结合的方法来理解国际关系。不对国际事务进行理论分析或综合性的描述是盲目的；同样，不对现实生活中错综复杂的事务进行详细描述的理论也是空洞的。
Understanding IR requires both descriptive and theoretical knowledge. It would do little good only to describe events without being able to generalize or draw lessons from them. Nor would it do much good to formulate purely abstract theories without being able to apply them to the finely detailed and complex real world in which we live.
5、社会主义中国应该用实践向世界表明，中国反对霸权主义、强权政治，永不称霸。
Socialist China should show the world through its actions that it is opposed to hegemonism and power politics and will never seek hegemony.
6、计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。
A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism, because there is planning under capitalism too; a market economy is not capitalism, because there are markets under socialism too.
7、我曾经请人转告布什总统，中国如果不稳定就是个国际问题，后果难以想象。 I asked others to tell President Bush that if the political situation in China became unstable, the trouble would spread to the rest of the world, which consequences that would be hard to imagine.
8、中国的发展与进步，不会对任何人构成威胁。
A development and progressing China does not pose a threat to anyone.
9、为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。
To promote the development of China—U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.
10、中国人民是伟大的人民，美国人民也是伟大的人民。
The Chinese people are a great people and the American people are a great people too.
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11、将来中国富起来，也永远不称霸。
China will never seek hegemony even if it grows rich and strong in the future. 12、但是，如果我们能够找到进行合作的共同点，那么实现世界和平的机会就将无可估量地大大增加。
But if we can find common ground to work together, the chance for world peace is immeasurably increased.
Vice Chairman 副主席 General Secretary 总书记
Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会 Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院 Ministry of Finance 财政部 Ministry of Public Security 公安部 Ministry of Supervision 监察部 Ministry of Communications 交通部 Ministry of Education 教育部 Ministry of Personnel 人事部 memorandum/aide-memoire 备忘录 statement 声明 n.名词 mutual recognition 互相承认 de jure recognition 法律承认 de facto recognition 事实上承认 identification card 身份证 Ministry of Justice 司法部 Propaganda Department 宣传部 People's organization 人民团体 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部 Consulate-general 总领事馆 consulate 领事馆
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Liaison office 联络处 Military attache's office 武官处 certificate of appointment 委任证书 exequatur 许可证书
proceed to take up one's post 赴任 express regret 表示遗憾 object to 提出异议
take up a matter with 向…交涉 lodge a protest with 向…提出抗议 verbal note 普通照会 circular note 通知照会 normalization 正常化
present one's credentials 递交国书 安全考虑：security consideration 傲慢行为：arrogant behavior 多极化：multipolarity 霸权主义：hegemonism 强权政治：power politics 国家主权：national sovereignty 民族资源：national resource 边界谈判：boundary negotiation 不结盟国家：non-aligned countries 采取惩罚行动：take punitive actions 采取高姿态：show magnanimity 采取协调行动：take concerted steps 常驻代表：permanent representative 弹性外交：elastic diplomacy
邓小平外交思想：Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thoughts 低调：low keyed
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电话协商：telephone negotiations
独联体国家：Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 度假外交：holiday-making diplomacy 附庸国：dependency
高层次、全方位的对话：high-level and all-directional dialogue
公认的国际关系原则：generally-accepted principles of international relations 公使馆：legation
公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序：a fair and rational new international political and economic order
国际商会：International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
国际雇佣者组织：International Organization of Employers (IOE) 国际关系的准则：norms governing international relations 国际惯例：international common practice
国际货币基金会：International Monetary Fund (IMF) 国际金融组织：International Finance Corporation (IFC) 国际聚焦：international spotlight
国家不分大小，应该一律平等：All countries, big or small, should be equal. 捍卫国家主权、领土完整和民族尊严：safeguard national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity
毫无根据的媒体报导：groundless media reports
和平共处五项原则： the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 环太平洋地区：Pacific Rim 缓和：detente
抗美援朝战争：War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea 联络处：liaison office
领土管辖权：territorial jurisdiction 领土毗连：territorial contiguity 流血冲突：bloody conflict
民间外交：people-to-people diplomacy
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南北对话：South-North dialogue
以下为常见英语外交词汇，以中英文对照的形式列出： 南南合作：South-South cooperation 贫穷国家：impoverished nation 全方位外交：multi-faceted diplomacy
伸张正义、主持公道：adhere to principles and uphold justice 神圣不可侵犯：sacred and inviolable 审时度势：size up the situation 推翻一个政权：topple a regime 外交承认：diplomatic recognition 外交纷争：diplomatic dispute 外交攻势：diplomatic offensive 外交使团：diplomatic mission
外交政策的基石：cornerstone of a country's foreign policy 万国公法：law of nations
维持外交关系：maintain diplomatic relations 维护世界和平：safeguard world peace 武装冲突：armed conflict 西方国家利益：Western interests
中美联合公报：Sino-US joint communique 总领事馆：consulate general 发展中国家：developing country 发达国家：developed country 多极化 multi-polarity 霸权主义 hegemonism 强权政治 power politics
联合国宪章的宗旨和原则 purpose and principles of the UN Charter 睦邻友好关系 good neighbourly relation
互不干涉内政 non-interference in each other's internal affairs
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和平共处五项原则 five principles of peaceful coexistence
1) mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity 2) non-aggression
3) non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries 4) equality and mutual benefit 5) peaceful coexistence
求同存异 seeking common ground while putting aside differences 和平的独立外交政策 independent foreign policy of peace 多边外交活动 multi-lateral diplomatic activities
和平解决国际争端 peaceful settlement of international disputes 反华人权提案 the anti-China human rights draft resolution 中美关系严重受损 US-China relationship suffered a severe setback. 全球核冲突 the global nuclear conflict 武器扩散 arms proliferation 恐怖主义 terrorism 贩毒 drug trafficking
环境破坏 environmental destruction
All countries, big or small, should be equal. 国家不分大小，应该一律平等 an established principle of international law 国际法准则 apartheid, racial segregation 种族隔离 arms dealer, merchant of death 军火商 asylum 庇护；避难
bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation 双边和多边经济合作 bilateral trade 双边贸易 boundary negotiation 边界谈判 breadth of territorial sea 领海宽度
1. colonialism and neo-colonialism 新老殖民主义
2. complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons 全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器
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3. consultations 磋商
4. country of one's residence 侨居国 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
delayed repayment of capital and interest 延期还本付息 dependency 附庸国 détente, 缓和
developing countries 发展中国家 disputed areas 有争议的地区
10. dual nationality 双重国籍 11. ecocide 生态灭绝
12. exchange of needed goods 互通有无 13. exclusive economic zone 专属经济区 14. extradition 引渡
15. fishery resources 渔业资源
16. forntier region, border region 边界地区 17. friendly exchanges 友好往来 18. fundamental rights 基本权利
19. generally-accepted principles of international relations 公认的国际关系原则
20. genocide 种族灭绝 21. imperialism 帝国主义
22. in consideration of the actual conditions 照顾现实情况 23. inalienability of territory 领土的不可割让性 24. international situation 国际形势 25. international waters 国际水域 26. joint action 共同行动
27. limits of territorial sea 领海范围
28. loans with no or low interest 无息和低息贷款 29. maritime resources 海洋资源 30. merger of states 国家合并
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31. Middle East, Mideast 中东
32. mutual understanding and mutual accommodation 互谅互让 33. 200-nauticalmile maritime rights 二百海里海洋权 34. national boundary 国界 35. Near East 近东
36. neutral state, neutral country 中立国 37. neutralized state 永久中立国
38. never to attach any conditions 不附带任何条件 39. non-aligned countries 不结盟国家 40. normalization of relations 关系正常化 41. patrimonial sea 承袭海
42. people-to-people contacts and exchanges 人民之间的联系和交流 43. plebiscite 公民投票 44. political fugitive 政治逃犯 45. political offender 政治犯
46. practical, efficient, economical and convenient for use 实用，有效，廉价，方便
47. protectorate （被）保护国
48. reduction or cancellation of debts 减轻债务负担 49. refugee camp 难民营 50. right of residence 居留权
51. rudimentary code of international relations 国际关系中最起码的准则 52. sacred and inviolable 神圣不可侵犯 53. sole legal government 唯一合法政府 54. sovereign state 主权国家
55. status quo of the boundary 边界现状 56. suzerain state, metropolitan state 宗主国 57. suzerainty 宗主权 58. territorial air 领空
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59. territorial contiguity 领土毗连 60. territorial integrity 领土完整 61. territorial jurisdiction 领土管辖权 62. territorial sea 领海 63. territorial waters 领水 64. the third world 第三世界
65. to develop relations of peace and friendship, equality and mutual benefit, and prolonged stability 发展和平友好、平等互利、长期稳定的关系 66. to develop the national economy 发展民族经济 67. to establish normal state relations 建立正常的国家关系 68. to maintain neutrality 保持中立
69. to make up for each other's deficiencies 取长补短
70. to negotiate through diplomatic channels 通过外交途径进行谈判 71. to peddle munitions 贩卖军火
72. to safeguard national independence and the integrity of sovereignty 维护国家独立和主权完整
73. to safeguard national sovereignty and national resources 保卫国家主权和民族资源
74. to safeguard world peace 维护世界和平
75. to seek a fair and reasonable solution 求得公平合理的解决 76. to solve disputes by peaceful means 用和平手段解决争端 77. to take concerted steps 采取协调行动
78. to undertake obligations in respect of the nuclear-free zone 对无核区承担义务
79. trusteeship 托管制度 80. Zionism 犹太复国主义
4.为什么想读研,将来愿意从事的方向,读研时的打算
Although I have broad interests in many aspects and grasp the essential knowledge of the major, but I think at present, I can do many things in a
superficial level, but not be competent to do things professionally owing to lack of
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ample knowledge and ability. So I think further study is still urgent for me to realize self-value.
The major that I hope pursue for my further education is IC design. Because I find integrated circuits are playing a more and more important role in our modern society. And nowadays in China, with the recognition by the government, our domestic integrated circuits industry is growing rapidly and that may provide a lot of chances to us.
I plan to concentrate on study and research in this field in my graduate time. And I hope I can form a systematic view of micro electronics and IC design technology and make a solid foundation for future profession after three years study here.
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